Lydian Empire Middle-Eastern empires

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the kingdom of lydia entered historical record in 660 bc, when assyrian king ashurbanipal demanded tribute lydian king, gyges of luddi. grandson of gyges, alyattes, built lydian empire during fifty-seven year reign.


alyattes captured smyrna, greatest port of asian coast, , one-by-one, added greek coastal towns domain. though let greek cities retain own customs , institutions, taxes, along lydian gold, made lydian monarchs richest kings since solomon.


croesus son , heir of alyattes, , important lydian king in relation bible. fabulously wealthy, spawning simile: rich croesus.


the undoing of croesus , lydian empire came when attacked cyrus great. victorious on cappadocians, croesus filled confidence. benevolent cyrus offered croesus throne , kingdom if (croesus) recognize persian sovereignty. croesus replied persians slaves of lydians. cyrus attacked croesus.


after 2 indecisive engagements, croesus driven field of battle. croesus begged egypt, greece, or babylon him, pleas fell on deaf ears. lydian capital of sardis fell, , croesus taken prisoner.


though, custom, cyrus dealt kindly croesus, once wealthy lydian empire became persian satrapy called saparda (sardis).







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