History Rumi calendar

1911 multilingual ottoman calendar page:

in islamic state of ottoman empire, religious islamic calendar in use, within days numbered within each lunar phase cycle. because length of lunar month not fraction of length of tropical year, purely lunar calendar drifts relative seasons.

in 1677, head treasurer (turkish: baş defterdar) hasan pasha under sultan mehmed iv proposed correction of financial records dropping 1 year (an escape year) every 33 years, resulting difference between lunar islamic calendar , solar julian calendar.

in 1740 (1152 ah) during reign of sultan mahmud i, march adopted first month of fiscal year payment of taxes , dealings government officials instead of muharram following treasurer atıf efendi s proposal.

proposed treasurer moralı osman efendi during reign of sultan abdul hamid i, range of fiscal calendar applications extended in 1794 state expenditures , payments in order prevent surplus cost arising time difference between islamic , julian calendar.

the julian calendar, used 1677 ad on fiscal matters only, adopted on march 13, 1840 ad (march 1, 1256 ah), in frame of tanzimat reforms shortly after accession throne of sultan abdülmecid i, official calendar civic matters , named rumi calendar (literally roman calendar). counting of years began year 622 ad, when muhammad , followers emigrated mecca medina, same event marking start of islamic calendar. months , days of julian calendar used, year starting in march. however, in 1256 ah difference between hijri , gregorian calendars amounted 584 years. change lunar calendar solar calendar, difference between rumi calendar , julian or gregorian calendar remained constant 584 years.

since julian gregorian calendar changeover being adopted in neighboring countries, rumi calendar realigned gregorian calendar in february 1917, leaving difference of 584 years unchanged, however. thus, after february 15, 1332 ah (february 1917 ad), next day instead of being february 16 became march 1, 1333 ah (march 1, 1917 ad). year 1333 ah (1917 ad) made year ten months, running march 1 december 31. january 1, ad 1918 became january 1, ah 1334. rumi calendar remained in use after dissolution of ottoman empire first years of succeeding republic of turkey. use of ah era abandoned part of atatürk s reforms act of december 26, 1341 ah (1925 ad) , replaced common era 1926. mixed semitic/ottoman language (teşrin-i evvel, teşrin-i sânî) , ottoman language (kânûn-ı evvel , kânûn-ı sânî) names of 4 months of rumi calendar taken on turkish gregorian calendar, changed on january 10, 1945 turkish language names, ekim, kasım, aralık , ocak. 1918 fiscal year has commenced on 1 january.