Other Opioid

1 other

1.1 cough
1.2 diarrhea , constipation
1.3 shortness of breath

other
cough

codeine once viewed gold standard in cough suppressants, position questioned. recent placebo-controlled trials have found may no better placebo causes including acute cough in children. thus, not recommended children. additionally, there no evidence hydrocodone useful in children. similarly, 2012 dutch guideline regarding treatment of acute cough not recommend use. (the opioid analogue dextromethorphan, long claimed effective cough suppressant codeine, has demonstrated little benefit in several recent studies.)

low dose morphine may chronic cough use limited side effects.

diarrhea , constipation

in cases of diarrhea-predominate irritable bowel syndrome, opioids may used suppress diarrhea. loperamide peripherally selective opioid available without prescription used suppress diarrhea.

the ability suppress diarrhea produces constipation when opioids used beyond several weeks. naloxegol, peripherally-selective opioid antagonist available treat opioid induced constipation.

shortness of breath

opioids may shortness of breath particularly in advanced diseases such cancer , copd among others.