Likely geographic origin Y-chromosomal Adam

as current estimates on tmrca converge estimates age of anatomically modern humans , predate out of africa migration, geographical origin hypotheses continue limited african continent.

according cruciani et al. 2011, basal lineages have been detected in west, northwest , central africa, suggesting plausibility y-mrca living in general region of central-northwest africa .

scozzari et al. (2012) agreed plausible placement in north-western quadrant of african continent emergence of a1b haplogroup. 2013 report of haplogroup a00 found among mbo people of western present-day cameroon compatible picture.

the revision of y-chromosomal phylogeny since 2011 has affected estimates geographical origin of y-mrca estimates on time depth. same reasoning, future discovery of presently-unknown archaic haplogroups in living people again lead such revisions. in particular, possible presence of between 1% , 4% neanderthal-derived dna in eurasian genomes implies (unlikely) event of discovery of single living eurasian male exhibiting neanderthal patrilineal line push t-mrca ( time mrca ) @ least twice current estimate. however, discovery of neanderthal y-chromosome mendez et al. suggests extinction of neanderthal patrilineages, lineage inferred neanderthal sequence outside of range of contemporary human genetic variation. questions of geographical origin become part of debate on neanderthal evolution homo erectus.