Applications Fracture sonography

1 applications

1.1 wrist fractures
1.2 elbow fractures
1.3 proximal humerus fracture
1.4 clavicle fracture

applications
wrist fractures

wrist safe

in patients younger 12, wrist fractures cause specific alterations @ surface of bone (bulge, angulation, offset or fracture gap), , through diagnosis , treatment can identified without x-ray imaging. intra-articular fractures rare , require x-ray imaging. standard procedure wrist safe algorithm. sensitivity of method in comparison x-ray imaging 96 percent, specificity 100 percent, positive predictive value 1, , negative predictive value 0.88.

elbow fractures

elbow safe

in patients younger 12, intra-articular fractures of elbow can ruled out through sonography. because intra-articular fractures cause joint effusion, dorsal fat pad sign reliable parameter diagnosis of elbow fractures. if joint effusion depicted in ultrasound, two-plane x-ray imagery necessary diagnose fracture. standard procedure elbow-safe algorithm. sensitivity of method in comparison x-ray imaging 97.9 percent, specificity 95 percent, positive predictive value 0.95, , negative predictive value 0.98.

proximal humerus fracture

shoulder safe

in patients younger 12, proximal humerus fractures can visualized due changes @ bone surface. because bone tumors can appear @ location, x-ray imaging necessary following fracture diagnosis. standard procedure shoulder-safe algorithm. sensitivity of method in comparison x-ray imaging 94.4 percent, , specificity 100 percent.

clavicle fracture

in patients younger 12, clavicle fractures common. can visualized using sonography , treated conservatively. clavicle s proximity throat , curved shape can complicate examination.