Mughal Empire (16th to 19th century) Slavery in India

the fatawa-e-alamgiri (also known fatawa-i-hindiya , fatawa-i hindiyya) sponsored aurangzeb in late 17th century. compiled law mughal empire, , involved years of effort 500 muslim scholars south asia, iraq , saudi arabia. thirty volumes on hanafi-based sharia law empire influential during , after auruangzeb s rule, , included many chapters , laws on slavery , slaves in india.

some of slavery-related law included in fatawa-i alamgiri were,

the right of muslims purchase , own slaves,
a muslim man s right have sex captive slave girl owns or slave girl owned muslim (with master s consent) without marrying her,
a muslim master s right acknowledge or decline recognition of children born slave girls had sex - recognition affected whether slave s children have inheritance, inability of infidels (non-muslims) inherit,
no inheritance rights slaves,
the testimony of slaves inadmissible in court of law
slaves require permission of master before can marry,
an unmarried muslim may marry slave girl owns muslim married muslim woman may not marry slave girl,
conditions under slaves may emancipated partially or fully




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^ chatterjee, indrani (2006). slavery , south asian history. pp. 10–13. isbn 0-253-21873-x. retrieved march 28, 2017. 
^ francisco pelsaert, dutch chronicle of mughal india, translated , edited brij narain , sri ram sharma (lahore, 1978), p. 48.
^ cite error: named reference niccolao manucci 1708 invoked never defined (see page).
^ sebastian manrique, travels of frey sebastian manrique, 2 vols, translated eckford luard (london, 1906), ii,
^ said ali ibn said muhammad bukhari, khutut-i mamhura bemahr-i qadaah-i bukhara, osiasru, ms. no. 8586/ii. bibliographic information, see sobranie vostochnykh rukopisei akademii nauk uzbekskoi ssr, 11 vols (tashkent, 1952–85).
^ administration of justice in medieval india, mb ahmad, aligarh university (1941)
^ m. reza pirbhai (2009), reconsidering islam in south asian context, brill academic, isbn 978-9004177581, pp. 131-154
^ fatawa i-alamgiri, vol 5, p. 273 - sheikh nizam, al-fatawa al-hindiyya, 6 vols, beirut: dar ihya al-turath al- arabi, 3rd edition, (1980)
^ digest of moohummudan law pp. 386 footnote 1, neil baillie, smith elder, london
^ fatawa i-alamgiri, vol 1, pp. 395-397; fatawa-i alamgiri, vol 1, pp. 86-88, sheikh nizam, al-fatawa al-hindiyya, 6 vols, beirut: dar ihya al-turath al- arabi, 3rd edition, (1980)
^ fatawa i-alamgiri, vol 6, p. 630 - sheikh nizam, al-fatawa al-hindiyya, 6 vols, beirut: dar ihya al-turath al- arabi, 3rd edition, (1980); muhammadan law p. 289 annotations
^ fatawa i-alamgiri, vol 6, p. 631 - sheikh nizam, al-fatawa al-hindiyya, 6 vols, beirut: dar ihya al-turath al- arabi, 3rd edition, (1980); muhammadan law p. 275 annotations
^ digest of moohummudan law pp. 371 footnote 1, neil baillie, smith elder, london
^ fatawa i-alamgiri, vol 1, page 377 - sheikh nizam, al-fatawa al-hindiyya, 6 vols, beirut: dar ihya al-turath al- arabi, 3rd edition, (1980); muhammadan law p. 298 annotations
^ fatawa i-alamgiri, vol 1, pp. 394-398 - sheikh nizam, al-fatawa al-hindiyya, 6 vols, beirut: dar ihya al-turath al- arabi, 3rd edition, (1980)