History Yeongeunmun

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manchu ambassador akdun greeted korean king.


the yeongeunmun gate located outside donuimun (돈의문, 敦義門, west gate) of walled capital city of hanseong (present-day seoul). situated on road seoul beijing, adjacent mohwagwan. nearest post station hongjewon (홍제원, 弘濟院).


embassies sent joseon emperor of ming dynasty announce imperial succession, investiture of crown prince , others. when reached hongjewon, took off traveling clothes , changed formal attire. next day, received reception king himself in front of gate. rite performed king 2 times in history of joseon. after ming china envoys move off gate, king jungjong performed rite, in direction of ming dynasty emperor. ritual ceased in 1634.


the mohwagwan first built in 1407 mohwaru (모화루, 慕華樓) , renovated in 1430. located adjacent mohwagwan, gate rosewood pillars built on road.


in 1537 gate rebuilt in accordance ming dynasty customs. being roofed blue tiles , had yeongjomun (literally gate of welcoming imperial decrees) written on front tables. in 1539 renamed yeongeunmun because name of yeongjomun accused ming dynasty ambassador xue tingchong (薛廷寵). claimed since imperial envoys carried imperial orders (勅), imperial decrees (詔), , imperial gifts, inappropriate mention imperial decree. tablet written zhu zhifan (朱之蕃), came joseon ambassador in 1606.


as result of treaty of shimonoseki (1895) ended first sino-japanese war, qing china recognized full , complete independence , autonomy of joseon korea. in next year yeongeunmun demolished leaving 2 stone pillars. in front of remnant, independence gate built philip jaisohn.








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